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金属顶刊双语导读丨Scripta Mater. Vol.197, 1 May. 2021(上)

2021-03-28 来源:Goal Science

 

本期包含金属材料领域论文10,涵盖了单晶、马氏体钢、高熵合金、镁基合金、超强钢等,国内科研单位包括台湾成功大学、北京科技大学等(通讯作者单位)。

 

Vol. 197 目录

1. Precise measurement of activation parameters for individual dislocation nucleation during in situ TEM tensile testing of single crystal nickel

镍单晶原位TEM拉伸测试过程中单个位错形核的激活参数的精确测量

 

2. Tensile behavior and inelastic strain recovery of Cu-Co nanolaminates

Cu-Co纳米层状结构的拉伸行为和非弹性应变回复

 

3. Ultrafine intralath precipitation of V(C,N) in 12Cr-1MoWV (wt.%) ferritic/martensitic steel

12Cr-1MoWV (wt.%) 铁素体/马氏体钢中V(C,N)的超细板条内析出

 

4. 3D mapping of orientation variation and local residual stress within individual grains of pearlitic steel using synchrotron dark field X-ray microscopy

使用同步加速暗场X射线显微镜对珠光体钢单个晶粒内的取向变化和局部残余应力进行三维成像

 

5. Unveiling interactions of non-metallic inclusions within advanced ultra-high-strength steel: A spectro-microscopic determination and first-principles elucidation

揭示先进超高强度钢中非金属夹杂物的相互作用:光谱显微镜测定和第一性原理解释

 

6. Inhibiting the detrimental Cu protrusion in Cu through-silicon-via by highly (111)-oriented nanotwinned Cu

用高(111)取向的纳米孪晶铜抑制铜硅通孔中的有害铜突起

 

7. Modelling the effect of intrinsic radiation damage on mechanical properties: The crystalline-to-amorphous transition in zircon

本征辐照损伤对力学性能影响的模拟:锆石从晶态到非晶态的转变

 

8. Formation mechanism and stability of austenitic islands in carbides in a Ni-Cr-Fe based high-temperature austenitic alloy undergoing carburization

Ni-Cr-Fe基高温奥氏体合金渗碳过程中碳化物中奥氏体岛的形成机理及稳定性

 

9. Machine learning approach to predict new multiphase high entropy alloys

用机器学习方法预测新型多相高熵合金

 

10. Superior dehydrogenation performance of Mg-based alloy under electropulsing

镁基合金在电脉冲作用下的优异脱氢性能

 

 

SCRIPTA

Vol. 197, 1 May. 2021, 113764

1. Precise measurement of activation parameters for individual dislocation nucleation during in situ TEM tensile testing of single crystal nickel

镍单晶原位TEM拉伸测试过程中单个位错形核的激活参数的精确测量

 

Xiaoqing Li, Andrew M. Minor

Andrew M. Minor: aminor@berkeley.edu

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2021.113764

 

摘要

晶体缺陷(如位错)的形核是机械变形的核心。本研究中,我们展示了一种在原位透射电子显微镜(TEM)拉伸测试中观察单个位错形核的技术,并从单个事件中测量与塑性相关的基本参数。我们的方法依赖于在定向单晶镍样品中通过自动图像分析系统地检测位错滑移痕迹。利用从原位测试中识别单个缺陷痕迹,将累积概率函数应用于关联位错形核事件和相应的应力水平之间的关系。我们的分析允许使用一个样品在一个拉伸试验中的数据,对单个位错形核事件的激活参数进行外推。从原位TEM纳米力学测试中获得的位错形核激活参数的精确且定量的关联可以为塑性计算模型提供直接的定量测量

向上滑动阅览英文摘要

Nucleation of crystalline defects such as dislocations lies at the heart of mechanical deformation. Here, we demonstrate a technique for observing the nucleation of individual dislocations during in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) tensile testing and measuring fundamental parameters relevant for plasticity from the individual events. Our method relies on systematic detection of dislocation slip traces with automated image analysis in an oriented single crystal Ni sample. Using the identification of individual defect traces from in situ testing, a cumulative probabilistic function is applied to correlate the relationship between a dislocation nucleation event and the corresponding stress level. Our analysis allows for the extrapolation of the activation parameters for individual dislocation nucleation events using the data on one sample in one tensile test. Precise and quantitative correlation of activation parameters for dislocation nucleation from in situ TEM nanomechanical testing can provide direct quantitative measurements useful for computational models of plasticity.

 

 

SCRIPTA

Vol. 197, 1 May. 2021, 113781

2. Tensile behavior and inelastic strain recovery of Cu-Co nanolaminates

Cu-Co纳米层状结构的拉伸行为和非弹性应变回复

 

Rohit Berlia, Paul Rasmussen, Shize Yang, Jagannathan Rajagopalan

Jagannathan Rajagopalan:jrajago1@asu.edu

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2021.113781

 

摘要

宏观尺度金属试样的力学响应通常是通过单轴拉伸试验确定的,该试验提供了杨氏模量和屈服强度等关键性能的直接测量结果。然而,由于实验的挑战,单轴拉伸实验很少被用于研究金属纳米层板的力学行为。本文利用定制的微机电系统(MEMS)设备研究了四种不同层厚(h = 2,4,8,16 nm)的Cu-Co纳米层状结构的准静态、单轴拉伸行为。实验显示,在h = 4 nm处有一个屈服强度峰值,而杨氏模量与h无关。令人惊讶的是,纳米层状结构在卸载过程中和卸载后回复了大量的非弹性变形(> 60%),并且随着温度的升高,这种回复得到了增强。本文讨论了这种异常应变回复在Cu-Co纳米层状结构中存在的可能机制

向上滑动阅览英文摘要

The mechanical response of macroscale metallic samples is typically determined using the uniaxial tensile test, which provides a direct measure of critical properties such as Young's modulus and yield strength. However, due to experimental challenges, uniaxial tensile tests have seldom been used for studying the mechanical behavior of metallic nanolaminates. Here, we use a custom-made MEMS device to study the quasi-static, uniaxial tensile behavior of Cu-Co nanolaminates with four different layer thicknesses (h = 2, 4, 8 and 16 nm). Our experiments reveal a peak in the yield strength at h = 4 nm, while the Young's modulus is independent of h. Surprisingly, the nanolaminates recover significant amount (> 60%) of inelastic deformation during and after unloading, and this recovery is enhanced by an increase in temperature. Possible mechanisms for this unusual strain recovery in Cu-Co nanolaminates are discussed.

 

 

SCRIPTA

Vol. 197, 1 May. 2021, 113787

3. Ultrafine intralath precipitation of V(C,N) in 12Cr-1MoWV (wt.%) ferritic/martensitic steel

12Cr-1MoWV (wt.%) 铁素体/马氏体钢中V(C,N)的超细板条内析出

 

A. J. Rietema, M.M. Hassan, O. Anderoglu, B.P. Eftink, T.A. Saleh, S.A. Maloy, A.J. Clarke, K.D. Clarke

A. J. Rietema: crietema@mines.edu

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2021.113787

 

摘要

12Cr-1MoWV铁素体/马氏体(F/M)钢是先进核反应堆燃料包壳的候选材料。因此,了解这些钢在辐照环境下的微观组织和力学性能之间的关系是至关重要的。本文首次揭示了常规热处理12Cr-1MoWV钢中存在超细尺度(2-5 nm)的V(C,N)板条内析出物。较低的N含量导致更细的板条内析出,而较高的N含量导致更大的,拉长的圆盘或针状析出。N含量对析出相特性的影响显著改变了强度,但对应变硬化行为没有影响。更细的析出可能对辐照行为有影响,特别是它们作为缺陷源的能力。在常规热处理的12Cr-1MoWV钢中,超细尺度V(C,N)析出物的存在受N含量的控制,为调整F/M钢的强度和核辐照响应提供了一种新的手段

向上滑动阅览英文摘要

12Cr-1MoWV (wt.%) ferritic/martensitic (F/M) steel is a candidate material for fuel cladding in advanced nuclear reactors. As such, understanding the relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties in the context of irradiation environments for these steels is critical. Here we reveal the presence of ultrafine scale (2-5 nm), intralath V(C,N) precipitates in conventionally heat treated 12Cr-1MoWV steel for the first time. Lower N content results in finer intralath precipitates, whereas higher N content results in larger, elongated disks or needles. N content significantly alters the strength, but not the strain hardening behavior, by its impact on precipitate characteristics. Finer precipitates could have an impact on irradiated behavior, specifically their capacity as defect sinks. The presence of ultrafine scale V(C,N) precipitates in conventionally heat treated 12Cr-1MoWV steel, controlled by N variations, provides a new means for tailoring the strength and irradiation response of F/M steels for nuclear applications.

 

 

SCRIPTA

Vol. 197, 1 May. 2021, 113783

4. 3D mapping of orientation variation and local residual stress within individual grains of pearlitic steel using synchrotron dark field X-ray microscopy

使用同步加速暗场X射线显微镜对珠光体钢单个晶粒内的取向变化和局部残余应力进行三维成像

 

A. Yildirim, C. Jessop, J. Ahlström, C. Detlefs, Y. Zhang

A. Yildirim: can.yildirim@esrf.fr

A. Zhang: yubz@dtu.dk

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2021.113783

 

摘要

以纳米分辨率评估嵌入式钢晶粒中的局部残余应力和取向仍然具有很大挑战性。在本研究中,我们使用先进的同步加速器技术,暗场X射线显微镜来绘制珠光体钢中两种先共析铁素体晶粒内的3D晶格变化,包括晶体学取向和晶格应变。我们发现样品中存在高达0.5°的取向变化和高达1.8×10-3的压缩弹性应变。测得的压缩应变与晶格取向之间没有直接关系。我们讨论了变化的根源及其对制造过程和机械性能的影响

向上滑动阅览英文摘要

Assessing the local residual stress and orientation with nanometer resolution within embedded steel grains has remained challenging. Here we use an advanced synchrotron technique, dark field X-ray microscopy to map 3D lattice variations, including both the crystallographic orientation and lattice strain, within two pro-eutectoid ferrite grains in pearlitic steel. We found an orientation variation up to 0.5° and compressive elastic strain up to 1.8 × 10-3 are present in the as-manufactured sample. There is no direct correlation between the measured compressive strain and lattice orientation. The origin of the variations and their influence on the manufacturing process and mechanical properties are discussed.

 

 

SCRIPTA

Vol. 197, 1 May. 2021, 113791

5. Unveiling interactions of non-metallic inclusions within advanced ultra-high-strength steel: A spectro-microscopic determination and first-principles elucidation

揭示先进超高强度钢中非金属夹杂物的相互作用:光谱显微镜测定和第一性原理解释

 

Harishchandra Singh, Tuomas Alatarvas, Andrey A Kistanov, S Assa Aravindh, Shubo Wang, Lin Zhu, Brice Sarpi, Yuran Niu, Alexei Zakharov, F.M.F. de Groot, Marko Huttula, Wei Cao, Timo Fabritius

Harishchandra Singh: harischandra.singh@oulu.fi

Tuomas Alatarvas: tuomas.alatarvas@oulu.fi

Wei Cao: wei.cao@oulu.fi

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2021.113791

 

摘要

确定非金属夹杂物(NMIs)对超高强度钢的设计至关重要,因为它们对性能起着决定性作用,对于通过常规技术进行探测至关重要。本文利用先进的同步X射线吸收结合光电发射电子显微镜和第一性原理计算,提供了几种NMI模型体系的结构、局部键合结构和电子性质,以及它们在钢基体之间的交互作用机制。B K - N K - Ca L2,3-Ti L2,3-边缘光谱表明,额外的B倾向于导致h-BN,表现出与Ca2+的强相互作用。这些Ca2+基相也通过TiN趋于稳定,揭示了Ca2+的不规则配位。第一性原理计算进一步支持了观察到的TiNBN的非交互作用,其中发现了TiNBN的不利组合和更大尺寸的Ca2+基夹杂物的稳定性。这些观察结果有助于优化各种夹杂物和钢基体之间的交互作用机制

向上滑动阅览英文摘要

Determining non-metallic inclusions (NMIs) are essential to engineer ultra-high-strength steel as they play decisive role on performance and critical to probe via conventional techniques. Herein, advanced Synchrotron X-ray absorption coupled with photoemission electron microscopy and first-principles calculations are employed to provide the structure, local bonding structure and electronic properties of several NMI model systems and their interaction mechanism within and the steel matrix. B K-, N K-, Ca L2,3- and Ti L2,3-edge spectra show that the additional B prefers to result in h-BN exhibiting strong interaction with Ca2+. Such Ca2+-based phases also stabilize through TiN, revealing the irregular coordination of Ca2+. Observed intriguing no interaction between TiN and BN is further supported with the first-principles calculations, wherein unfavorable combination of TiN and h-BN and stabilization of bigger sized Ca2+-based inclusions have been found. These observations can help to optimize the interaction mechanism among various inclusions as well as steel matrix.

 

 

SCRIPTA

Vol. 197, 1 May. 2021, 113782

6. Inhibiting the detrimental Cu protrusion in Cu through-silicon-via by highly (111)-oriented nanotwinned Cu

用高(111)取向的纳米孪晶铜抑制铜硅通孔中的有害铜突起

 

Ting-Chun Lin, Chien-Lung Liang, Shan-Bo Wang, Yung-Sheng Lin, Chin-Li Kao, David Tarng, Kwang-Lung Lin

Chien-Lung Liang:clliang@gs.ncku.edu.tw 台湾成功大学

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2021.113782

 

摘要

铜的突起现象是铜硅通孔(TSV)技术面临的最大挑战之一,其原因是热退火过程中产生的热应力积累和随之而来的塑性变形。在此,我们提出了一种有效的方法,通过引入高度(111)取向的纳米孪晶铜的TSV结构来抑制有害的铜突起。与普通的Cu结构相比,在250℃的热退火过程中,纳米孪晶结构的突起高度降低了70.3%。突起抑制归因于高分数共格纳米孪晶界与位错的有效相互作用。低能共格孪晶界的存在阻碍了位错滑移,使TSV增强,显著抑制了突起。在250℃热退火2 h后,电沉积纳米孪晶Cu TSV展现出良好的热稳定性;纳米硬度分析显示,显微硬度损失很小,仅为6.7%

向上滑动阅览英文摘要

Cu protrusion phenomenon, one of the biggest challenges of the Cu through-silicon-via (TSV) technology, results from the thermal stress accumulation and the following plastic deformation during thermal annealing. Herein, we proposed an effective approach to inhibiting the detrimental Cu protrusion by introducing a highly (111)-oriented nanotwinned Cu to the TSV structure. The Cu nanotwin structure, in comparison with the normal Cu structure, gave rise to a 70.3% decrement of the protrusion height during thermal annealing at 250°C. The protrusion inhibition was attributed to the effective interaction of high-fraction coherent nanotwin boundaries with dislocations. The presence of low-energy coherent twin boundaries impeded dislocation glide, giving rise to the TSV strengthening and the significant protrusion inhibition. The electrodeposited nanotwinned Cu TSV exhibited great thermal stability under thermal annealing at 250°C for 2 h, as evidenced by the slight micro-hardness loss, 6.7%, based on the nanoindentation analysis.

 

 

SCRIPTA

Vol. 197, 1 May. 2021, 113789

7. Modelling the effect of intrinsic radiation damage on mechanical properties: The crystalline-to-amorphous transition in zircon

本征辐照损伤对力学性能影响的模拟:锆石从晶态到非晶态的转变

 

Norbert Huber, Tobias Beirau

Norbert Huber: norbert.huber@hzg.de

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2021.113789

 

摘要 

采用水平切高斯随机场方法模拟了辐射诱导非晶化对锆石(ZrSiO4)杨氏模量、泊松比和硬度的影响。模拟结果与之前的纳米压痕实验结果基本一致。在~16%~84%的非晶态体积分数下发生了两个渗流转变,导致杨氏模量的演化偏离线性。晶体区和非晶区之间的界面区域稳定了相当数量的非晶部分的硬度。该建模方法对预测与本征辐照损伤相关的各种材料力学性能的演化具有重要的应用前景

向上滑动阅览英文摘要

Mechanical modelling using the level-cut Gaussian random field approach has been employed to simulate the effect of radiation induced amorphization on the Young´s modulus, Poisson´s ratio and hardness of zircon (ZrSiO4). A good agreement with previous nanoindentation experiments has been achieved. Two percolation transitions occur at ~16% and ~84% amorphous volume fraction, leading to deviations from linearity in the evolution of the Young´s modulus. Interface regions between crystalline and amorphous areas stabilise the hardness for a considerable amount of amorphous fraction. The modelling approach is promising for predicting the intrinsic radiation damage related evolution of the mechanical properties of various materials.

 

 

SCRIPTA

Vol. 197, 1 May. 2021, 113792

8. Formation mechanism and stability of austenitic islands in carbides in a Ni-Cr-Fe based high-temperature austenitic alloy undergoing carburization

Ni-Cr-Fe基高温奥氏体合金渗碳过程中碳化物中奥氏体岛的形成机理及稳定性

 

Shipeng Shu, Xiaobing Hu, Maryam Kazemzadeh-Atoufi, Tao Liu, Anyu Shang, Mark B. Davis, Robin Ziebarth, Sandeep Dhingra, Robert D. Morgan, Yao Du, Peter W.Voorhees, David N. Seidman

Shipeng Shu: spshu@northwestern.edu

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2021.113792

 

摘要

我们利用多尺度实验技术研究了Ni-Cr-Fe基高温合金在技术上重要的渗碳过程中的相变。研究了M23C6M7C3相变过程中碳化物结构中形成的新型奥氏体岛的形成及其稳定性。结果表明,随着M7C3的长大,金属原子在M23C6-碳化物中过度饱和,奥氏体岛形核于M23C6/M7C3相变前沿。奥氏体岛形成后,由于其较大的尺寸(直径几百纳米)和较弱的吉布斯-汤姆逊效应,奥氏体岛与基体的成分暂时保持平衡,但在碳化物内部保持相对稳定

向上滑动阅览英文摘要

We investigate a phase transformation in a Ni-Cr-Fe-based high-temperature alloy during the technologically important carburization process, with multi-length scale experimental techniques. The study focuses on the formation and stability of novel austenitic islands formed within carbide structures during the M23C6 to M7C3 phase-transformation. We demonstrate that the austenitic islands nucleate near the M23C6/M7C3 transformation front, from a supersaturation of metal atoms in the M23C6-carbide as M7C3 grows. After formation, the austenitic islands equilibrate their composition with the matrix temporally but remain relatively stable inside the carbides due to their large sizes (a few hundred nanometers in diameter) and a weak Gibbs-Thomson effect.

 

 

SCRIPTA

Vol. 197, 1 May. 2021, 113804

9. Machine learning approach to predict new multiphase high entropy alloys

用机器学习方法预测新型多相高熵合金

 

Yegi Vamsi Krishna, Ujjawal Kumar Jaiswal, Rahul M R

Rahul M R: rahulmr@iitism.ac.in

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2021.113804

 

摘要

多主元高熵合金因其良好的性能和可调控的微观组织而引起了研究界的广泛关注。在本研究中,我们使用机器学习方法预测了含有固溶体和金属间化合物(SS+IM)的多相合金体系,数据集为636种合金。使用的算法有逻辑回归、决策树、支持向量机分类器、随机森林、梯度增强分类器和人工神经网络(ANN)。ANN对试验数据的精度达到了80%以上。通过对新型合金的制备和表征对预测结果进行了验证,发现ANN对所研究合金体系的预测更为准确。对已建立数据集的统计分析揭示了妨碍成功预测的设计参数之间的重叠边界。实验数据证实了新型多相合金的形成

向上滑动阅览英文摘要

High entropy alloys with multi-principal elements have interested the research community due to the promising properties and tunable microstructure. In the current study, the multiphase alloy system with a mixture of solid solution and intermetallic (SS+IM) was predicted using a machine learning approach with a data set of 636 alloys. The Algorithms used are Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting Classifier, and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). ANN has shown the best accuracy of more than 80% for the test data. The new alloys were prepared and characterized to verify the prediction and it is found that ANN is having more accurate prediction in the studied alloy system. Statistical analysis of the established data set reveals an overlapping boundary between the design parameters that hinders the successful prediction. Experimental data confirms the formation of new multiphase alloys.

 

 

SCRIPTA

Vol. 197, 1 May. 2021, 113788

10. Superior dehydrogenation performance of Mg-based alloy under electropulsing

镁基合金在电脉冲作用下的优异脱氢性能

 

Guozhu Zhang, Shuyang Qin, Longge Yan, Xinfang Zhang

Xinfang Zhang: xfzhang@ustb.edu.cn  北京科技大学

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2021.113788

 

摘要

氢能作为促进全球能源转型的可行技术途径,已逐渐成为世界能源领域的热点话题。为了解决固体储氢材料中糟糕的脱氢动力学性能,本工作通过分析脱氢量、脱氢率、相组成和微观组织,研究了电脉冲处理对镁合金脱氢动力学性能的影响。经电脉冲处理后,脱氢起始温度降低了39℃,最大脱氢速率由7.48 wt.% H2/h提高到了14.36 wt.% H2/h。电脉冲处理为提高储氢材料的脱氢动力学性能提供了新的思路和方法

向上滑动阅览英文摘要

As a feasible technological approach to promote the global energy transformation, hydrogen energy has gradually become a hot topic in the world's energy field. In order to solve the problem of the poor dehydrogenation kinetic performance in solid hydrogen storage materials, the effect of electropulsing treatment on the dehydrogenation kinetic performance of magnesium alloy was studied through the analysis of dehydrogenation amount, dehydrogenation rate, phase composition and microstructure. After electropulsing treatment, the initial dehydrogenation temperature was reduced by 39 °C, and the maximum dehydrogenation rate was increased from 7.48 wt.% H2/h to 14.36 wt.% H2/h. The electropulsing treatment provides a new idea and method for improving the dehydrogenation kinetic performance of hydrogen storage materials.